The economic loss was assessed as the salary reduction due to declined cognition among all newborn individuals in China. Subgroup analyses identified females and people from less-developed regions as even more vulnerable to prenatal abnormal climate, finding an interactive effect with other social factors. Such an association is likely to be mediated by regional meteorological conditions, not local ones. We observed a similar inverted U-shaped pattern for cognitive function measured by word test and job reputation. During the entire pregnancy, for SST anomalies increasing/decreasing 1 ☌ from 0 ☌, newborn individuals will have adulthood cognition (measured by math test) changed by -2.09% (95% confidence interval (CI): -2.31%, -1.88%) and -3.98% (95% CI: -4.32%, -3.65%), respectively. We found an inverted U-shaped curve between climate anomaly and adulthood cognition. We also calculated associated economic loss due to prenatal exposure to abnormal climate. We calculated its averaged values for different gestational periods and analyzed its possible nonlinear associations with adulthood cognitive function and job reputation.
We used sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies in the Southern Pacific Ocean as the indicator for global climate anomaly in the main analyses. We obtained repeated cognitive and job reputation measurements from 17,105 subjects for the years 2010, 2014, and 2018, and ascertained their birth date and other covariates. We explored the association between prenatal exposure to climate anomaly and adulthood cognitive function and job reputation. The long-term effect of abnormal climate on cognitive function and socioeconomic status remains elusive.
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